ARV Drug Resistance


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Reverse Transcriptase (RT) Mutations

Download a pdf that describes how drug resistance mutations are introduced into the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme.  The graphic depicts the general principle of RT mutations that would confer resistance to both NRTI and NNRTI classes of antiretroviral drugs.

Download RT Mutation Guide

Protease (PR) Mutations

Download a pdf that describes how drug resistance mutations are introduced into the HIV protease enzyme.  The graphic depicts the general principle of PR mutations that would confer resistance to the protease inhibitor class of antiretroviral drugs.

Download PR Mutation Guide

Envelope gp41 Mutation

Download a pdf that describes how drug resistance mutations are introduced into the HIV envelope gp41 fusion protein. Mutations in gp41 will confer resistance to the entry inhibitor enfuvirtide (T-20 or fuzeon) antiretroviral drugs.

Download Envelope gp41 Mutation Guide

 
 
 
 
 
 
International Union of Immunological SocietiesUniversity of South AfricaInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular MedicineElizabeth Glazer Pediatric Aids Foundation